An intensivist on a learning frenzy. Caring for the critically ill using evidence-based medicine.
It is my personal opinion that sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy has been under recognized and understudied. Our current practice pattern of starting patients on norepinephrine is good. But automatically going to vasopressin, then either phenylephrine or epinephrine as they continue to deteriorate overlooks the fact that they may have sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Going down the typical route we …
Continue reading Sepsis Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Forgotten Factor in Septic Shock
Cytokines tend to break things in critical illness.Pro-inflammatory cytokines cause vasodilation.Anti-inflammatory cytokines cause immunosupression.Inventing a way to get rid of those cytokines sounds like a good idea, right?Cytosorb has been on out the market and trialed in sepsis, ARDS, cardiac surgery or recovery after cardiac arrest in the ICU.It sounds expensive, but does it work?A …
Continue reading Cytosorb to Absorb Cytokines & Improve ICU Outcomes?
I have to admit the glucocorticoids are amongst my favorite medications that we use regularly in the ICU. Whether it be hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, or methylprednisolone, I have order sets built into my EMR with the dosing for the respective indications. The indications appear to be endless. Today, I am going to be discussing an article …
Continue reading Hydrocortisone for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
The concept of metabolic resuscitation has been around for several years. Unfortunately, the data for using ascorbic acid, thiamine, and glucocorticoids has not been as robust as we would like. There have been challenges replicating the miraculous data seen in the first trial in every subsequent trial performed after that. There have been numerous limitations …
Continue reading Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12) for Septic Shock
Today, we're going to be reviewing what some might consider to be a landmark study: the CLOVERS trial. The first thing most clinicians do when a patient is hypotensive is provide IV fluids. The surviving sepsis guidelines recommend 30cc/kg in patients who are in septic shock. It often bears reminding that the objective of providing …
Continue reading More Fluids vs. Vasopressors in the First 24h of Septic Shock (CLOVERS Trial)
As much as I am not a huge fan of bombarding septic shock patients with IV fluids, I understand there is a role for fluid resuscitation.When our patients get better, though, it is time to get rid of these fluids.That is what we call deresuscitation.It is part of the 4 D's in fluid therapy: drug, …
Continue reading How Strong Is Your Deresuscitation Game in Sepsis Patients?
This is a one minute journal club-ish on Sepsis Deaths. This is not medical advice. Read the FREE article for yourself and do not trust me.Hat tip to the authors.This article was published in 2020 in the Lancet but is still relevant.Almost 49 million cases of sepsis were recorded in 2017.It is estimated that there …
I've always had a strong interest in Procalcitonin and how to use it appropriately for our hospitalized patients in the ICU. For that reason, I am creating this work-in-progress page to take a deep dive into all evidence-based clinical questions you and I may have regarding procalcitonin. This post will be continuously updated. Don't trust …
Continue reading Procalcitonin Levels: The Ultimate Guide for Use in Sepsis
The blood pressure is low, give a bolus of fluids. Many times that leads to a "nurse dose" as many of us joke about. But are we causing harm? I keep reiterating that fluid responsiveness is when you achieve an increase in cardiac index/output or an increase in stroke volume due to that fluid or …
Continue reading IV Fluid Overload: Don’t Drown your Patients!
Dinosaurs still roam the earth, I know this. They are slowly and surely retiring, though. I trained in the days where Manny Rivers and the Surviving Sepsis Campaigns pushed for Early-Goal Directed Therapy were king. Hey, there was a reason why it was so successful, EGDT decreased in-hospital mortality from 46.5% to 30.5% in that …