Hydroxocobalamin vs. Methylene Blue Citations: The Vasopressor & Inotrope Handbook

  1. Furnish C, Mueller SW, Kiser TH, Dufficy L, Sullivan B, Beyer JT. Hydroxocobalamin Versus Methylene Blue for Vasoplegic Syndrome in Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2020 Jul;34(7):1763-1770. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.01.033. Epub 2020 Jan 23. PMID: 32115360.
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  2. Kram SJ, Kram BL, Cook JC, Ohman KL, Ghadimi K. Hydroxocobalamin or Methylene Blue for Vasoplegic Syndrome in Adult Cardiothoracic Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2022 Feb;36(2):469-476. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.05.042. Epub 2021 May 27. PMID: 34176677.
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  3. Brokmeier HM, Seelhammer TG, Nei SD, Gerberi DJ, Mara KC, Wittwer ED, Wieruszewski PM. Hydroxocobalamin for Vasodilatory Hypotension in Shock: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis for Comparison to Methylene Blue. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2023 Sep;37(9):1757-1772. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.04.006. Epub 2023 Apr 7. PMID: 37147207.
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  4. Hiruy A, Ciapala S, Donaldson C, Wang L, Hohlfelder B. Hydroxocobalamin Versus Methylene Blue for the Treatment of Vasoplegic Shock Associated With Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2023 Jul 19:S1053-0770(23)00503-7. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.07.015. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37586951.
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  5. Mazzeffi M, Hammer B, Chen E, Caridi-Scheible M, Ramsay J, Paciullo C. Methylene blue for postcardiopulmonary bypass vasoplegic syndrome: A cohort study. Ann Card Anaesth. 2017 Apr-Jun;20(2):178-181. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_237_16. PMID: 28393777; PMCID: PMC5408522.
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  6. Ortoleva J, Roberts RJ, Devine LT, French A, Kawabori M, Chen F, Shelton K, Dalia AA. Methylene Blue for Vasoplegia During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021 Sep;35(9):2694-2699. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.12.042. Epub 2020 Dec 29. PMID: 33455885.
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  7. Burnes ML, Boettcher BT, Woehlck HJ, Zundel MT, Iqbal Z, Pagel PS. Hydroxocobalamin as a Rescue Treatment for Refractory Vasoplegic Syndrome After Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017 Jun;31(3):1012-1014. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2016.08.019. Epub 2016 Aug 18. PMID: 27838199.
    Link to (NOT FREE) Article
  8. Cai Y, Mack A, Ladlie BL, Martin AK. The use of intravenous hydroxocobalamin as a rescue in methylene blue-resistant vasoplegic syndrome in cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2017 Oct-Dec;20(4):462-464. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_88_17. PMID: 28994688; PMCID: PMC5661322.
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  9. Feih JT, Rinka JRG, Zundel MT. Methylene Blue Monotherapy Compared With Combination Therapy With Hydroxocobalamin for the Treatment of Refractory Vasoplegic Syndrome: ARetrospective Cohort Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019 May;33(5):1301-1307. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.11.020. Epub 2018 Nov 16. PMID: 30606508.
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  10. Methylene blue. Lexicomp online. Hudson, OH, Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. Accessed August 16, 2023.
  11. Hydroxocobalamin. Lexicomp online. Hudson, OH, Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. Accessed August 16, 2023.