Epinephrine Citations: The Vasopressor & Inotrope Handbook

On By eddyjoemdIn Vasopressors & Inotropes
  1. Overgaard CB, Dzavík V. Inotropes and vasopressors: review of physiology and clinical use in cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008 Sep 2;118(10):1047-56. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.728840. PMID: 18765387.
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  2. Hollenberg SM. Vasoactive drugs in circulatory shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Apr 1;183(7):847-55. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201006-0972CI. Epub 2010 Nov 19. PMID: 21097695.
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  3. van Diepen S, Katz JN, Albert NM, Henry TD, Jacobs AK, Kapur NK, Kilic A, Menon V, Ohman EM, Sweitzer NK, Thiele H, Washam JB, Cohen MG; American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Mission: Lifeline. Contemporary Management of Cardiogenic Shock: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017 Oct 17;136(16):e232-e268. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000525. Epub 2017 Sep 18. PMID: 28923988.
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  4. Levy B, Clere-Jehl R, Legras A, Morichau-Beauchant T, Leone M, Frederique G, Quenot JP, Kimmoun A, Cariou A, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Meziani F, Louis G, Rossignol P, Duarte K, Girerd N, Mebazaa A, Vignon P; Collaborators. Epinephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Jul 10;72(2):173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.051. PMID: 29976291.
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  5. Levy B, Buzon J, Kimmoun A. Inotropes and vasopressors use in cardiogenic shock: when, which and how much? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2019 Aug;25(4):384-390. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000632. PMID: 31166204.
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  6. Busse LW, Barker N, Petersen C. Vasoplegic syndrome following cardiothoracic surgery-review of pathophysiology and update of treatment options. Crit Care. 2020 Feb 4;24(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-2743-8. PMID: 32019600; PMCID: PMC7001322.
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  7. Bruno RR, Wolff G, Kelm M, Jung C. Pharmacological treatment of cardiogenic shock – A state of the art review. Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Dec;240:108230. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108230. Epub 2022 Jun 10. PMID: 35697151.
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  8. Jentzer JC, Coons JC, Link CB, Schmidhofer M. Pharmacotherapy update on the use of vasopressors and inotropes in the intensive care unit. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2015 May;20(3):249-60. doi: 10.1177/1074248414559838. Epub 2014 Nov 28. PMID: 25432872.
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  9. Shabana A, Dholoo F, Banerjee P. Inotropic Agents and Vasopressors in the Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2020 Dec;17(6):438-448. doi: 10.1007/s11897-020-00493-9. Epub 2020 Oct 26. PMID: 33103204.
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  10. Farmakis D, Agostoni P, Baholli L, Bautin A, Comin-Colet J, Crespo-Leiro MG, Fedele F, García-Pinilla JM, Giannakoulas G, Grigioni F, Gruchała M, Gustafsson F, Harjola VP, Hasin T, Herpain A, Iliodromitis EK, Karason K, Kivikko M, Liaudet L, Ljubas-Maček J, Marini M, Masip J, Mebazaa A, Nikolaou M, Ostadal P, Põder P, Pollesello P, Polyzogopoulou E, Pölzl G, Tschope C, Varpula M, von Lewinski D, Vrtovec B, Yilmaz MB, Zima E, Parissis J. A pragmatic approach to the use of inotropes for the management of acute and advanced heart failure: An expert panel consensus. Int J Cardiol. 2019 Dec 15;297:83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.09.005. Epub 2019 Sep 6. PMID: 31615650.
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  11. Sarma D, Jentzer J. Cardiogenic Shock: Pathogenesis, Classification, and Management. Critical Care Clinics. Published:July 05, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2023.05.001
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  12. Russell JA, Gordon AC, Williams MD, Boyd JH, Walley KR, Kissoon N. Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Feb;42(1):59-77. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710320. Epub 2020 Aug 20. PMID: 32820475.
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  13. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, Machado FR, Mcintyre L, Ostermann M, Prescott HC, Schorr C, Simpson S, Wiersinga WJ, Alshamsi F, Angus DC, Arabi Y, Azevedo L, Beale R, Beilman G, Belley-Cote E, Burry L, Cecconi M, Centofanti J, Coz Yataco A, De Waele J, Dellinger RP, Doi K, Du B, Estenssoro E, Ferrer R, Gomersall C, Hodgson C, Møller MH, Iwashyna T, Jacob S, Kleinpell R, Klompas M, Koh Y, Kumar A, Kwizera A, Lobo S, Masur H, McGloughlin S, Mehta S, Mehta Y, Mer M, Nunnally M, Oczkowski S, Osborn T, Papathanassoglou E, Perner A, Puskarich M, Roberts J, Schweickert W, Seckel M, Sevransky J, Sprung CL, Welte T, Zimmerman J, Levy M. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-1247. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y. Epub 2021 Oct 2. PMID: 34599691; PMCID: PMC8486643.
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  14. Sacha GL, Bauer SR, Lat I. Vasoactive Agent Use in Septic Shock: Beyond First-Line Recommendations. Pharmacotherapy. 2019 Mar;39(3):369-381. doi: 10.1002/phar.2220. Epub 2019 Feb 7. PMID: 30644586.
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  15. Myburgh JA, Higgins A, Jovanovska A, Lipman J, Ramakrishnan N, Santamaria J; CAT Study investigators. A comparison of epinephrine and norepinephrine in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2008 Dec;34(12):2226-34. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1219-0. Epub 2008 Jul 25. PMID: 18654759.
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  16. Bangash MN, Kong ML, Pearse RM. Use of inotropes and vasopressor agents in critically ill patients. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(7):2015-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01588.x. PMID: 21740415; PMCID: PMC3413841.
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  17. Levy B, Perez P, Perny J, Thivilier C, Gerard A. Comparison of norepinephrine-dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and organ function variables in cardiogenic shock. A prospective, randomized pilot study. Crit Care Med. 2011 Mar;39(3):450-5. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181ffe0eb. PMID: 21037469.
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  18. Léopold V, Gayat E, Pirracchio R, Spinar J, Parenica J, Tarvasmäki T, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Champion S, Zannad F, Valente S, Urban P, Chua HR, Bellomo R, Popovic B, Ouweneel DM, Henriques JPS, Simonis G, Lévy B, Kimmoun A, Gaudard P, Basir MB, Markota A, Adler C, Reuter H, Mebazaa A, Chouihed T. Epinephrine and short-term survival in cardiogenic shock: an individual data meta-analysis of 2583 patients. Intensive Care Med. 2018 Jun;44(6):847-856. doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5222-9. Epub 2018 Jun 1. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med. 2018 Nov;44(11):2022-2023. PMID: 29858926.
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  19. Hasegawa D, Ishisaka Y, Maeda T, Prasitlumkum N, Nishida K, Dugar S, Sato R. Prevalence and Prognosis of Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Intensive Care Med. 2023 Jun 4:8850666231180526. doi: 10.1177/08850666231180526. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37272081.
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  20. Annane D, Vignon P, Renault A, Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Martin C, Troché G, Ricard JD, Nitenberg G, Papazian L, Azoulay E, Bellissant E; CATS Study Group. Norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine alone for management of septic shock: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2007 Aug 25;370(9588):676-84. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61344-0. Erratum in: Lancet. 2007 Sep 22;370(9592):1034. PMID: 17720019.
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  21. Dünser MW, Festic E, Dondorp A, Kissoon N, Ganbat T, Kwizera A, Haniffa R, Baker T, Schultz MJ; Global Intensive Care Working Group of European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Recommendations for sepsis management in resource-limited settings. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Apr;38(4):557-74. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2468-5. Epub 2012 Feb 14. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med. 2012 Apr;38(4):575-6. PMID: 22349419; PMCID: PMC3307996.
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  22. Russell JA. Vasopressor therapy in critically ill patients with shock. Intensive Care Med. 2019 Nov;45(11):1503-1517. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05801-z. Epub 2019 Oct 23. PMID: 31646370.
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  23. Kraut JA, Madias NE. Lactic acidosis. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 11;371(24):2309-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483. PMID: 25494270.
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  24. Spiegel R, Gordon D, Marik PE. The origins of the Lacto-Bolo reflex: the mythology of lactate in sepsis. J Thorac Dis. 2020 Feb;12(Suppl 1):S48-S53. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2019.11.48. PMID: 32148925; PMCID: PMC7024759.
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  25. Levy B, Desebbe O, Montemont C, Gibot S. Increased aerobic glycolysis through beta2 stimulation is a common mechanism involved in lactate formation during shock states. Shock. 2008 Oct;30(4):417-21. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e318167378f. PMID: 18323749.
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  26. Levy B, Gibot S, Franck P, Cravoisy A, Bollaert PE. Relation between muscle Na+K+ ATPase activity and raised lactate concentrations in septic shock: a prospective study. Lancet. 2005 Mar 5-11;365(9462):871-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71045-X. Erratum in: Lancet. 2005 Jul 9-15;366(9480):122. PMID: 15752531.
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  27. Levy B, Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Nace L, Audibert G, Bauer P, Nabet P, Larcan A. Comparison of norepinephrine and dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and gastric tonometric variables in septic shock: a prospective, randomized study. Intensive Care Med. 1997 Mar;23(3):282-7. doi: 10.1007/s001340050329. PMID: 9083230.
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  28. Mahmoud KM, Ammar AS. Norepinephrine supplemented with dobutamine or epinephrine for the cardiovascular support of patients with septic shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2012 Apr;16(2):75-80. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.99110. PMID: 22988361; PMCID: PMC3439782.
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  29. Suetrong B, Walley KR. Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It’s Not All Anaerobic: Implications for Diagnosis and Management. Chest. 2016 Jan;149(1):252-61. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1703. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PMID: 26378980.
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  30. Marik P. Lactate clearance as a target of therapy in sepsis: a flawed paradigm. OA Crit Care. 2013;1:3.
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  31. Hernández G, Ospina-Tascón GA, Damiani LP, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegría L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernández P, Barahona D, Granda-Luna V, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J; The ANDROMEDA SHOCK Investigators and the Latin America Intensive Care Network (LIVEN); Hernández G, Ospina-Tascón G, Petri Damiani L, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegría L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernández P, Barahona D, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J, Hernández G, Alegría L, Ferri G, Rodriguez N, Holger P, Soto N, Pozo M, Bakker J, Cook D, Vincent JL, Rhodes A, Kavanagh BP, Dellinger P, Rietdijk W, Carpio D, Pavéz N, Henriquez E, Bravo S, Valenzuela ED, Vera M, Dreyse J, Oviedo V, Cid MA, Larroulet M, Petruska E, Sarabia C, Gallardo D, Sanchez JE, González H, Arancibia JM, Muñoz A, Ramirez G, Aravena F, Aquevedo A, Zambrano F, Bozinovic M, Valle F, Ramirez M, Rossel V, Muñoz P, Ceballos C, Esveile C, Carmona C, Candia E, Mendoza D, Sanchez A, Ponce D, Ponce D, Lastra J, Nahuelpán B, Fasce F, Luengo C, Medel N, Cortés C, Campassi L, Rubatto P, Horna N, Furche M, Pendino JC, Bettini L, Lovesio C, González MC, Rodruguez J, Canales H, Caminos F, Galletti C, Minoldo E, Aramburu MJ, Olmos D, Nin N, Tenzi J, Quiroga C, Lacuesta P, Gaudín A, Pais R, Silvestre A, Olivera G, Rieppi G, Berrutti D, Ochoa M, Cobos P, Vintimilla F, Ramirez V, Tobar M, García F, Picoita F, Remache N, Granda V, Paredes F, Barzallo E, Garcés P, Guerrero F, Salazar S, Torres G, Tana C, Calahorrano J, Solis F, Torres P, Herrera L, Ornes A, Peréz V, Delgado G, López A, Espinosa E, Moreira J, Salcedo B, Villacres I, Suing J, Lopez M, Gomez L, Toctaquiza G, Cadena Zapata M, Orazabal MA, Pardo Espejo R, Jimenez J, Calderón A, Paredes G, Barberán JL, Moya T, Atehortua H, Sabogal R, Ortiz G, Lara A, Sanchez F, Hernán Portilla A, Dávila H, Mora JA, Calderón LE, Alvarez I, Escobar E, Bejarano A, Bustamante LA, Aldana JL. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):654-664. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0071. PMID: 30772908; PMCID: PMC6439620.
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  32. Prielipp RC, MacGregor DA, Royster RL, Kon ND, Hines MH, Butterworth JF 4th. Dobutamine antagonizes epinephrine’s biochemical and cardiotonic effects: results of an in vitro model using human lymphocytes and a clinical study in patients recovering from cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology. 1998 Jul;89(1):49-57. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199807000-00010. PMID: 9667293.
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  33. Bassi E, Park M, Azevedo LC. Therapeutic strategies for high-dose vasopressor-dependent shock. Crit Care Res Pract. 2013;2013:654708. doi: 10.1155/2013/654708. Epub 2013 Sep 15. PMID: 24151551; PMCID: PMC3787628.
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  34. Epinephrine injection [package insert]. Bridgewater, NJ; Amneal; January 2021.
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  35. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “John Jacob Abel”. Encyclopedia Britannica, 22 May. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Jacob-Abel. Accessed 8 September 2023.
  36. Hollenberg SM. Vasopressor support in septic shock. Chest. 2007 Nov;132(5):1678-87. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-0291. PMID: 17998371.
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  37. Tarvasmäki T, Lassus J, Varpula M, Sionis A, Sund R, Køber L, Spinar J, Parissis J, Banaszewski M, Silva Cardoso J, Carubelli V, Di Somma S, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP; CardShock study investigators. Current real-life use of vasopressors and inotropes in cardiogenic shock – adrenaline use is associated with excess organ injury and mortality. Crit Care. 2016 Jul 4;20(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1387-1. PMID: 27374027; PMCID: PMC4931696.
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