The following are the citations for my book “The Vasopressor & Inotrope Handbook: A Practical Guide for Healthcare Professionals.” If you stumbled upon this page via a search engine, you have several options to get a copy, as shown below the citations.
- Overgaard CB, Dzavík V. Inotropes and vasopressors: review of physiology and clinical use in cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008 Sep 2;118(10):1047-56. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.728840. PMID: 18765387.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Hollenberg SM. Vasoactive drugs in circulatory shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Apr 1;183(7):847-55. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201006-0972CI. Epub 2010 Nov 19. PMID: 21097695.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - van Diepen S, Katz JN, Albert NM, Henry TD, Jacobs AK, Kapur NK, Kilic A, Menon V, Ohman EM, Sweitzer NK, Thiele H, Washam JB, Cohen MG; American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Mission: Lifeline. Contemporary Management of Cardiogenic Shock: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017 Oct 17;136(16):e232-e268. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000525. Epub 2017 Sep 18. PMID: 28923988.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Levy B, Clere-Jehl R, Legras A, Morichau-Beauchant T, Leone M, Frederique G, Quenot JP, Kimmoun A, Cariou A, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Meziani F, Louis G, Rossignol P, Duarte K, Girerd N, Mebazaa A, Vignon P; Collaborators. Epinephrine Versus Norepinephrine for Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Jul 10;72(2):173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.051. PMID: 29976291.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Levy B, Buzon J, Kimmoun A. Inotropes and vasopressors use in cardiogenic shock: when, which and how much? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2019 Aug;25(4):384-390. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000632. PMID: 31166204.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Busse LW, Barker N, Petersen C. Vasoplegic syndrome following cardiothoracic surgery-review of pathophysiology and update of treatment options. Crit Care. 2020 Feb 4;24(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-2743-8. PMID: 32019600; PMCID: PMC7001322.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Bruno RR, Wolff G, Kelm M, Jung C. Pharmacological treatment of cardiogenic shock – A state of the art review. Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Dec;240:108230. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108230. Epub 2022 Jun 10. PMID: 35697151.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Jentzer JC, Coons JC, Link CB, Schmidhofer M. Pharmacotherapy update on the use of vasopressors and inotropes in the intensive care unit. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2015 May;20(3):249-60. doi: 10.1177/1074248414559838. Epub 2014 Nov 28. PMID: 25432872.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Shabana A, Dholoo F, Banerjee P. Inotropic Agents and Vasopressors in the Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2020 Dec;17(6):438-448. doi: 10.1007/s11897-020-00493-9. Epub 2020 Oct 26. PMID: 33103204.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Farmakis D, Agostoni P, Baholli L, Bautin A, Comin-Colet J, Crespo-Leiro MG, Fedele F, García-Pinilla JM, Giannakoulas G, Grigioni F, Gruchała M, Gustafsson F, Harjola VP, Hasin T, Herpain A, Iliodromitis EK, Karason K, Kivikko M, Liaudet L, Ljubas-Maček J, Marini M, Masip J, Mebazaa A, Nikolaou M, Ostadal P, Põder P, Pollesello P, Polyzogopoulou E, Pölzl G, Tschope C, Varpula M, von Lewinski D, Vrtovec B, Yilmaz MB, Zima E, Parissis J. A pragmatic approach to the use of inotropes for the management of acute and advanced heart failure: An expert panel consensus. Int J Cardiol. 2019 Dec 15;297:83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.09.005. Epub 2019 Sep 6. PMID: 31615650.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Sarma D, Jentzer J. Cardiogenic Shock: Pathogenesis, Classification, and Management. Critical Care Clinics. Published:July 05, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2023.05.001
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Russell JA, Gordon AC, Williams MD, Boyd JH, Walley KR, Kissoon N. Vasopressor Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Feb;42(1):59-77. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710320. Epub 2020 Aug 20. PMID: 32820475.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, Machado FR, Mcintyre L, Ostermann M, Prescott HC, Schorr C, Simpson S, Wiersinga WJ, Alshamsi F, Angus DC, Arabi Y, Azevedo L, Beale R, Beilman G, Belley-Cote E, Burry L, Cecconi M, Centofanti J, Coz Yataco A, De Waele J, Dellinger RP, Doi K, Du B, Estenssoro E, Ferrer R, Gomersall C, Hodgson C, Møller MH, Iwashyna T, Jacob S, Kleinpell R, Klompas M, Koh Y, Kumar A, Kwizera A, Lobo S, Masur H, McGloughlin S, Mehta S, Mehta Y, Mer M, Nunnally M, Oczkowski S, Osborn T, Papathanassoglou E, Perner A, Puskarich M, Roberts J, Schweickert W, Seckel M, Sevransky J, Sprung CL, Welte T, Zimmerman J, Levy M. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-1247. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y. Epub 2021 Oct 2. PMID: 34599691; PMCID: PMC8486643.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Sacha GL, Bauer SR, Lat I. Vasoactive Agent Use in Septic Shock: Beyond First-Line Recommendations. Pharmacotherapy. 2019 Mar;39(3):369-381. doi: 10.1002/phar.2220. Epub 2019 Feb 7. PMID: 30644586.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Myburgh JA, Higgins A, Jovanovska A, Lipman J, Ramakrishnan N, Santamaria J; CAT Study investigators. A comparison of epinephrine and norepinephrine in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2008 Dec;34(12):2226-34. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1219-0. Epub 2008 Jul 25. PMID: 18654759.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Bangash MN, Kong ML, Pearse RM. Use of inotropes and vasopressor agents in critically ill patients. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(7):2015-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01588.x. PMID: 21740415; PMCID: PMC3413841.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Levy B, Perez P, Perny J, Thivilier C, Gerard A. Comparison of norepinephrine-dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and organ function variables in cardiogenic shock. A prospective, randomized pilot study. Crit Care Med. 2011 Mar;39(3):450-5. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181ffe0eb. PMID: 21037469.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Léopold V, Gayat E, Pirracchio R, Spinar J, Parenica J, Tarvasmäki T, Lassus J, Harjola VP, Champion S, Zannad F, Valente S, Urban P, Chua HR, Bellomo R, Popovic B, Ouweneel DM, Henriques JPS, Simonis G, Lévy B, Kimmoun A, Gaudard P, Basir MB, Markota A, Adler C, Reuter H, Mebazaa A, Chouihed T. Epinephrine and short-term survival in cardiogenic shock: an individual data meta-analysis of 2583 patients. Intensive Care Med. 2018 Jun;44(6):847-856. doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5222-9. Epub 2018 Jun 1. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med. 2018 Nov;44(11):2022-2023. PMID: 29858926.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Hasegawa D, Ishisaka Y, Maeda T, Prasitlumkum N, Nishida K, Dugar S, Sato R. Prevalence and Prognosis of Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Intensive Care Med. 2023 Jun 4:8850666231180526. doi: 10.1177/08850666231180526. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37272081.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Annane D, Vignon P, Renault A, Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Martin C, Troché G, Ricard JD, Nitenberg G, Papazian L, Azoulay E, Bellissant E; CATS Study Group. Norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine alone for management of septic shock: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2007 Aug 25;370(9588):676-84. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61344-0. Erratum in: Lancet. 2007 Sep 22;370(9592):1034. PMID: 17720019.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Dünser MW, Festic E, Dondorp A, Kissoon N, Ganbat T, Kwizera A, Haniffa R, Baker T, Schultz MJ; Global Intensive Care Working Group of European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Recommendations for sepsis management in resource-limited settings. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Apr;38(4):557-74. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2468-5. Epub 2012 Feb 14. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med. 2012 Apr;38(4):575-6. PMID: 22349419; PMCID: PMC3307996.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Russell JA. Vasopressor therapy in critically ill patients with shock. Intensive Care Med. 2019 Nov;45(11):1503-1517. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05801-z. Epub 2019 Oct 23. PMID: 31646370.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Kraut JA, Madias NE. Lactic acidosis. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 11;371(24):2309-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483. PMID: 25494270.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Spiegel R, Gordon D, Marik PE. The origins of the Lacto-Bolo reflex: the mythology of lactate in sepsis. J Thorac Dis. 2020 Feb;12(Suppl 1):S48-S53. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2019.11.48. PMID: 32148925; PMCID: PMC7024759.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Levy B, Desebbe O, Montemont C, Gibot S. Increased aerobic glycolysis through beta2 stimulation is a common mechanism involved in lactate formation during shock states. Shock. 2008 Oct;30(4):417-21. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e318167378f. PMID: 18323749.
Link to Article and FULL FREE PDF - Levy B, Gibot S, Franck P, Cravoisy A, Bollaert PE. Relation between muscle Na+K+ ATPase activity and raised lactate concentrations in septic shock: a prospective study. Lancet. 2005 Mar 5-11;365(9462):871-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71045-X. Erratum in: Lancet. 2005 Jul 9-15;366(9480):122. PMID: 15752531.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Levy B, Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Nace L, Audibert G, Bauer P, Nabet P, Larcan A. Comparison of norepinephrine and dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and gastric tonometric variables in septic shock: a prospective, randomized study. Intensive Care Med. 1997 Mar;23(3):282-7. doi: 10.1007/s001340050329. PMID: 9083230.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Mahmoud KM, Ammar AS. Norepinephrine supplemented with dobutamine or epinephrine for the cardiovascular support of patients with septic shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2012 Apr;16(2):75-80. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.99110. PMID: 22988361; PMCID: PMC3439782.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Suetrong B, Walley KR. Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It’s Not All Anaerobic: Implications for Diagnosis and Management. Chest. 2016 Jan;149(1):252-61. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1703. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PMID: 26378980.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Marik P. Lactate clearance as a target of therapy in sepsis: a flawed paradigm. OA Crit Care. 2013;1:3.
Link to FULL FREE PDF - Hernández G, Ospina-Tascón GA, Damiani LP, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegría L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernández P, Barahona D, Granda-Luna V, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J; The ANDROMEDA SHOCK Investigators and the Latin America Intensive Care Network (LIVEN); Hernández G, Ospina-Tascón G, Petri Damiani L, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegría L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernández P, Barahona D, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J, Hernández G, Alegría L, Ferri G, Rodriguez N, Holger P, Soto N, Pozo M, Bakker J, Cook D, Vincent JL, Rhodes A, Kavanagh BP, Dellinger P, Rietdijk W, Carpio D, Pavéz N, Henriquez E, Bravo S, Valenzuela ED, Vera M, Dreyse J, Oviedo V, Cid MA, Larroulet M, Petruska E, Sarabia C, Gallardo D, Sanchez JE, González H, Arancibia JM, Muñoz A, Ramirez G, Aravena F, Aquevedo A, Zambrano F, Bozinovic M, Valle F, Ramirez M, Rossel V, Muñoz P, Ceballos C, Esveile C, Carmona C, Candia E, Mendoza D, Sanchez A, Ponce D, Ponce D, Lastra J, Nahuelpán B, Fasce F, Luengo C, Medel N, Cortés C, Campassi L, Rubatto P, Horna N, Furche M, Pendino JC, Bettini L, Lovesio C, González MC, Rodruguez J, Canales H, Caminos F, Galletti C, Minoldo E, Aramburu MJ, Olmos D, Nin N, Tenzi J, Quiroga C, Lacuesta P, Gaudín A, Pais R, Silvestre A, Olivera G, Rieppi G, Berrutti D, Ochoa M, Cobos P, Vintimilla F, Ramirez V, Tobar M, García F, Picoita F, Remache N, Granda V, Paredes F, Barzallo E, Garcés P, Guerrero F, Salazar S, Torres G, Tana C, Calahorrano J, Solis F, Torres P, Herrera L, Ornes A, Peréz V, Delgado G, López A, Espinosa E, Moreira J, Salcedo B, Villacres I, Suing J, Lopez M, Gomez L, Toctaquiza G, Cadena Zapata M, Orazabal MA, Pardo Espejo R, Jimenez J, Calderón A, Paredes G, Barberán JL, Moya T, Atehortua H, Sabogal R, Ortiz G, Lara A, Sanchez F, Hernán Portilla A, Dávila H, Mora JA, Calderón LE, Alvarez I, Escobar E, Bejarano A, Bustamante LA, Aldana JL. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):654-664. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0071. PMID: 30772908; PMCID: PMC6439620.
Link to Article and FULL FREE PDF - Prielipp RC, MacGregor DA, Royster RL, Kon ND, Hines MH, Butterworth JF 4th. Dobutamine antagonizes epinephrine’s biochemical and cardiotonic effects: results of an in vitro model using human lymphocytes and a clinical study in patients recovering from cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology. 1998 Jul;89(1):49-57. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199807000-00010. PMID: 9667293.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Bassi E, Park M, Azevedo LC. Therapeutic strategies for high-dose vasopressor-dependent shock. Crit Care Res Pract. 2013;2013:654708. doi: 10.1155/2013/654708. Epub 2013 Sep 15. PMID: 24151551; PMCID: PMC3787628.
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Link to FULL FREE PDF - Epinephrine injection [package insert]. Bridgewater, NJ; Amneal; January 2021.
Link to Package Insert - Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “John Jacob Abel”. Encyclopedia Britannica, 22 May. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Jacob-Abel. Accessed 8 September 2023.
- Hollenberg SM. Vasopressor support in septic shock. Chest. 2007 Nov;132(5):1678-87. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-0291. PMID: 17998371.
Link to (NOT FREE) Article - Tarvasmäki T, Lassus J, Varpula M, Sionis A, Sund R, Køber L, Spinar J, Parissis J, Banaszewski M, Silva Cardoso J, Carubelli V, Di Somma S, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP; CardShock study investigators. Current real-life use of vasopressors and inotropes in cardiogenic shock – adrenaline use is associated with excess organ injury and mortality. Crit Care. 2016 Jul 4;20(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1387-1. PMID: 27374027; PMCID: PMC4931696.
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